Development of driving technologies of retractable. Frei otto pioneered the use of modern, lightweight, tentlike structures for many uses. Tensile structure is the term usually used to refer to the construction of roofs using a membrane held in place on steel cables. As an architect and engineer he laid the foundation for contemporary lightweight architecture, and his ideas are still awe inspiring decades after he revealed them. Frei otto, architect behind some of the most important structures and engineering ideas of the last century, has died just two weeks before he was to receive the pritzker prizethe award that. European design guide for tensile surface structures. Static behavior of cablenet and membrane structures 4 tensile tree tent. Form and force interface between cable net structures and. Pdf tensile membrane structures and the education of the.
Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Frei otto munich olympic stadium tent architectural design. Towards an architecture of the minimal in authorship with arch. Cable nets were developed and popularised as a minimalist structural system in the 1960s and 70s by frei otto, with a new permanence was heralded by the plexi glass clad cable net of the 1972 munich olympic stadium. Click download or read online button to get tensile structures book now. The braced tensile structures are those whose stability is ensured by supporting at high levels and tensioning at low levels, so that the rest of the contour is free figure 2. The design and analysis of tension fabric structures by miriam euni son b. Pneumatic structures deals for the most part with surfaces loaded by tractive forces. Tensile structures are the most common type of thinshell structures.
A tensile structure is a construction of elements carrying only tension and no compression or bending. Spanning the future this documentary profiles internationallyrenowned architect and engineer, frei otto. Frei otto was born in siegmar, germany, on may 31, 1925, and grew up in berlin. For the first time in this edition, frei otto s two studies of nonrigid structures pneumatic structures and cables, nets, and membranes are available in one volume. For structural design as well as for architectural design not concerning structure, some examples for the application of artistic working methods are.
Grasshopper creating tensile structures with kangaroo. Frei otto was a sculptor, structural bioengineer and titan of the modern tent. Styles lightweight champion of the world otto s work, in contrast, was lightweight, open to nature, democratic, lowcost, and sometimes even temporary. He made an art form of his tentlike constructions, which brought a sense of light and. Frei otto simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Tensile membrane structures and the education of the architect. Otto practiced a holistic and collaborative approach to architecture, working with environmentalists, biologists, engineers, philosophers, historians, naturalists, artists, and other architects. Frei otto is one of the most emblematic architects and engineers of the 20th century. Programming, iterative design, longspan structure, lightweight structure references 1 otto, f. Conceptual design and analysis of membrane structures. Frei is the most deserving for the promotion of tensile structures. In this tutorial we take a look at recreating something similar to frei otto s german pavillion for the munich games.
Selfformation and natural constructions are subjects that need a great deal of. The innovative architect, frei otto, developed the concept of gridshells which could bedesigned by a funicular modelling method and constructed from an. Tensile structures frei otto s soap experiments tensile structures characteristics minimal surface in equilibrium surface tensions equal at every point and every direction anticlastic curvature basic forms hypar conic barrel vault three fundamental tensile forms. Frei otto, in full frei paul otto, born may 31, 1925, siegmar, germanydied march 9, 2015, warmbronn, germany, german architect and design engineer and winner of the 2015 pritzker prize, who is known for his tensile architectural designslightweight tentlike structures such as the central sports stadium of the munich 1972 olympic games. Pdf frei otto biography christine mansour academia. Parametric architecture parametric design architecture design folding architecture beautiful architecture membrane structure tensile structures temporary structures fibreglass roof pietermuller lighting designfurniture. It can also be defined as a structure where the exterior shell is a fabric material spread over a framework. Frei otto was an german architect and structural engineer noted for his use of. In particular, frei otto and his institute for lightweight structures at the university. Frei otto 2015 laureate media kit for more information, please visit.
The innovative architect, frei otto, developed the concept of gridshells which could bedesigned by a funicular modelling method and constructed from an equal net mesh of timber laths bent into the planned shape. Thankfully, otto knew about the award before he passed. For his entire life, german architect and pritzker laureate frei otto studied the possibilities of lightweight, tensile architecture painstakingly calculating the height of poles, the suspension of cables, the cable netting, and the membrane materials that could be used to create largescale tentlike structures. When the pritzker committee told the 89yearold architect of his. Although physical models are used for conceptual phases, especially at the initial for designing stages structures, currently, tensioned fabric formfinding, load. The design and analysis of tension fabric structures.
Tensile structure an overview sciencedirect topics. Frei paul otto, a german architect, was born on may 31, 1925 in siegmar, germany and spent his childhood in berlin. Renowned for his research in lightweight tensile structures. The werkbund show frei otto, frei otto shows bodo rasch. Frei otto was the architect best known for the huge roof canopies designed for the 1972 olympics in munich. Its translucency gives designers scope to bring soft, even light into spaces, dissolving the boundaries between exterior and interior and acting as an excellent foil to. Special membranes, of high tensile strength, are made semirigid by means of differences of enclosed air or fluid pressure. He experimented by using wet wool threads, that attract each other. Frei otto form finding and path systems frei otto film.
Frei paul otto and the munich olympic stadium, tensile. In 1970 this technique was used to construct a 9,000 m sq curved roof structure from 5 cm square timber laths. A distinguished teacher and author, otto pioneered the use of modern lightweight tentlike structures for many uses. For the first time in this edition, frei ottos two studies of nonrigid structures pneumatic structures and cables, nets, and membranes are available in one volume. Spanning the future is a documentary about the incredible life and work of frei otto. Between these extremes many different approaches to the relationship between structure and architecture are possible. He was noted for his use of lightweight structures, in particular tensile and membrane structures. In this thesis a tool for conceptual design and analysis of membrane structures has been developed. Exhibition at the villa stuck, munich, on the occasion of the award of the 1992 deutscher werkbund bayern prize. Since frei otto developed his groundbreaking architectural concepts in the early 1950s, the use of tensile fabric as an unconventional building material has blossomed. Their main characteristics are the way in which they work under stress tensile, their ease of prefabrication, their ability to cover large spans, and their malleability.
Frei paul otto 31 may 1925 9 march 2015 was a german architect and structural engineer. Otto s father and grandfather were both sculptors, and as a young student, he worked as an apprentice in. Son and grandson of sculptors, otto served as a trainee in stonemasonry at his fathers office at an early age during his school vacations and as a hobby he used to fly and design glider planes. The term tensile should not be confused with tensegrity, which is a structural form with both tension and compression elements. Tensile structures pneumatic trussed anticlastic stayed suspended tensile structures. Variations of arch structures studied by frei otto roland, 1970 10. Urban space regeneration design using architectural. Tensile structures download ebook pdf, epub, tuebl, mobi.
German architect and structural engineer frei otto 31 may 1925 9 march 2015 was well known for his pioneering innovations in lightweight and tensile structures. During the 60s and 70s of the 20th century, the scientific principles for lightweight tensile structures were elaborated. Dezeen remembers 2015 pritzker laureate frei otto, who passed away this week at the age of 89, with some of the best projects from his pioneering career as a champion of tensile and membrane. The term tensile structures describes the category of buildings in which the load bearing capacity is achieved through tension stress in the majority of the components, such as cables, technical fabrics or foils. Pdf tensile structures pneumatic trussed anticlastic. Tensile structures as the most advanced lightweight structures 271 system had and began developing it. The influential german architect frei otto died monday, one day before it was announced that he would be receiving the 2015 pritzker prize.
Frei otto correlated this to membrane structures and was able to find the most stable and uniformly prestressed form of a membrane between any set of arches and masts. Frei paul otto was a german architect and structural engineer noted for his use of lightweight structures, in particular tensile and membrane structures, including the roof of the olympic stadium. The majority of the work has been carried out at the engineering company buro happolds head office, in bath england, in close collaboration with their research and development team, smart solutions. In structural design, physical models have been used to determine the figure of equilibrium for structures resistant by form, such as tents, tensile structures or shell structures. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. Frei otto architect biography, buildings, projects and facts. Frei otto has been one of the most seminal people on my route to architecture. Frei otto munich olympic stadium free download as powerpoint presentation. Development of driving technologies of retractable membrane structure learning from the past.
Special membranes, of high tensile strength, are made semirigid by means of differences of enclosed air or fluid pressure and can serve as roofings, halls, silos, dams, or for any other application where ease and rapidity of construction and. Examine the current methods used for digital form finding in regards to tensile fabric. This asset is an digital representation of those experiments. Daily posting design files about home interior and decoration. The european design guide for tensile surface structures is a product of over three years work by the members of tensinet a thematic network for upgrading the built environment in europe through tensile structures, which was initiated on 1 march 2001.
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